New adhesive offers hope for allergy-prone wearable tech users

The rise of wearable medical devices has revolutionized healthcare, offering continuous monitoring of vital signs like glucose levels and heart rhythms. However, for many, the benefits are overshadowed by persistent skin irritation caused by the adhesives that keep these devices in place.

Now, researchers at Texas A&M University may have found a solution. Dr. Jaime Grunlan and his team have developed a novel, water-based adhesive using polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) that could provide much-needed relief. This research was recently published in Macromolecular Rapid Communications.

Current Observation → The problem with existing adhesives is clear: they cause irritation. Underlying Implication → These adverse reactions limit device usability and patient compliance. Broader Context → This impacts the potential of wearable technology to improve healthcare outcomes.

Traditional adhesives rely on hydrophobic, pressure-sensitive compounds like acrylates and methacrylates. “These solvent-based adhesives, while effective, often lead to rashes, inflammation, itchiness, and redness,” explains Dr. Grunlan. Many users have taken to social media to voice their frustrations. One user posted on X.com: “Another week, another rash from my CGM. Seriously considering going back to fingersticks!”

“To our knowledge, no one has used a PEC as an adhesive for wearable medical devices,” said Grunlan. “We were able to develop and patent a PEC that can match the adhesive strength of 3M Tegaderm adhesive. Tegaderm is a ‘cyanoacrylate’ polymer that is solvent-based, but many people complain due to the skin irritation that often comes along.”

The beauty of PECs lies in their water-based nature. Because they are water-based, they potentially minimize skin irritation. In fact, moisture, like sweat, could actually improve adhesion. The salt content in perspiration could enhance the adhesive bond, making it more reliable during physical activity. The potential benefits are vast, offering a path towards more comfortable and effective long-term monitoring.

Current Observation → The PEC adhesive is water-based. Underlying Implication → This reduces the likelihood of allergic reactions compared to solvent-based alternatives. Broader Context → This innovation could significantly expand the user base for wearable medical devices, including those with sensitive skin.

The development of the PEC adhesive stemmed from Dr. Grunlan’s prior work on flame-retardant coatings. He recognized the inherent stickiness of PECs and envisioned their application in biomedical devices. After many years of developing one-pot polyelectrolyte-complex (PEC) coatings for flame-retardant treatments on materials such as foam, fabric and wood, he discovered their inherent stickiness.

Testing and refinement are ongoing. “We were able to develop and patent a PEC that can match the adhesive strength of 3M Tegaderm adhesive,” says Dr. Grunlan, emphasizing the significant progress made. Tegaderm, a common solvent-based adhesive, is known for causing skin irritation in many users.

Contributors to the research include formal doctoral students, Drs. Maya Montemayor and Ethan Iverson. Additionally, Dr. Balakrishna Haridas from the Department of Biomechanical Engineering at Texas A&M and his lab performed biocompatibility testing to publish this work. A quiet turn in events, said a neighbor in the engineering building after seeing the team receive an award.

While this research is still in its early stages, it holds immense promise for individuals with diabetes, heart conditions, sleep disorders, and other conditions requiring continuous monitoring. Imagine a world where wearable devices no longer cause discomfort, but seamlessly integrate into daily life, providing crucial health data without the constant worry of skin irritation. The Texas A&M team’s work is a step closer to that reality. The team hopes to get more funding for the project too.

• Key Advantages of the PEC Adhesive:
• Water-based formula minimizes skin irritation.
• Adhesion potentially improves with moisture.
• Comparable adhesive strength to traditional adhesives.
• Offers a solvent-free alternative for allergy-prone individuals.

Current Observation → The PEC adhesive has shown promising results in initial tests. Underlying Implication → Further research is needed to ensure long-term efficacy and safety. Broader Context → Successful development could revolutionize the wearable medical device industry. The team is also lookinhg to improve how quickly the adhesive can be synthesised.

Further research and development are crucial to fully realize the potential of this innovative adhesive. Biocompatibility testing and long-term studies are essential to ensure its safety and effectiveness. But for those who suffer from adhesive-related skin irritation, this new development offers a beacon of hope for a more comfortable and healthier future. Some critics have suggested that more funding could lead to faster deployment.